![]() "Khrushchev's Secret Speech," Februbegan de-Stalinization in the Soviet Union.The Russian zone became the German Democratic Republic (GDR). All food and other necessities had to be airlifted to West Berlin until May 1949. The USSR reacted by placing a blockade on Berlin. The Western Allies unified West Germany to form the German Federal Republic (GFR).The Marshall Plan involved sending large amounts of American money to help non-communist countries to recover from World War II.The Truman Doctrine of 1947 stated that America would help any non-communist country to resist communist pressure.The Allies were angered that the free elections promised by Stalin at the Yalta Conference were not held and adopted a new foreign policy of containment to keep communism to the areas where it was already in effect. Winston Churchill was first to refer to the division between western powers and the areas in Europe controlled by the Soviet Union as an Iron Curtain.The superpowers fought proxy wars, supporting their rival's opposition (Ex: Vietnam War, Soviet-Afghan War)Ĭlick here for a timeline of important dates and events that occurred during the Cold War from National Museum of American History. ![]() It's called the Cold War because it never led to a direct armed - or "hot" - conflict. The two camps were the communist East (USSR) and the democratic West (USA, Western Europe). In 1945, just after World War II, the alliance between the United States, Britain, and the USSR ended as result of the competing forms of governmental, economic, and social organization that existed between the two superpowers.
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